Python me Strings kya hoti hain?

String ek text data type hai jisme hum letters, words, sentences, numbers ya koi bhi characters store kar sakte hain. Python me string ko single quotes (' '), double quotes (" ") ya triple quotes (''' ''' ya """ """) me likha jaata hai.

Is page me yeh sab sikhenge :-

1. String banana — different ways
2. Indexing aur Slicing
3. String Concatenation aur Repetition
4. f-String aur format()
5. Escape Characters
6. String Methods — upper, lower, strip, replace, split, find, aur bahut kuch

Note :- Python me String immutable hoti hai — matlab ek baar banne ke baad string ke andar ka koi character directly change nahi ho sakta. Har string method naya string return karta hai, original change nahi hota.

1. String Banana — Different Ways

Python me string banane ke 4 tarike hain. Teeno quotes me se koi bhi use kar sakte hain, lekin triple quotes multi-line strings ke liye use hote hain.

Example 1: Single, double aur triple quotes

Python

In [1]:

s1 = 'Single quotes me string'
s2 = "Double quotes me string"
s3 = '''Triple quotes me
multi-line
string'''

print(s1)
print(s2)
print(s3)
print(type(s1))

Output

Example 2: String me quotes ke andar quotes likhna

Python

In [1]:

# Single ke andar double ya double ke andar single use karo
msg1 = "He said, 'Python is awesome!'"
msg2 = 'She replied, "I agree!"'

print(msg1)
print(msg2)

Output

2. Indexing aur Slicing

String ke har character ka ek index (number) hota hai. Python me indexing 0 se shuru hoti hai. Negative index end se shuru hota hai.

String	P	y	t	h	o	n
Positive Index	0	1	2	3	4	5
Negative Index	-6	-5	-4	-3	-2	-1

Example 1: Indexing — kisi bhi ek character access karna

Python

In [1]:

s = "Python"

print("First char  :", s[0])    # P
print("Third char  :", s[2])    # t
print("Last char   :", s[-1])   # n  (negative index)
print("Second last :", s[-2])   # o
print("Length      :", len(s))  # 6

Output

Example 2: Slicing — string ka ek hissa nikalna [start:stop:step]

Python

In [1]:

s = "Hello World"

print(s[0:5])     # Hello  — 0 se 4 tak
print(s[6:])      # World  — 6 se end tak
print(s[:5])      # Hello  — start se 4 tak
print(s[-5:])     # World  — last 5 characters
print(s[::2])     # Hlo ol — ek ek skip karke
print(s[::-1])    # dlroW olleH — poori string ulti

Output

Example 3: Slicing se Palindrome check karna

Python

In [1]:

word = "madam"

if word == word[::-1]:
    print(word, "palindrome hai!")
else:
    print(word, "palindrome nahi hai.")

Output

3. String Concatenation aur Repetition

Concatenation ka matlab hai do ya zyada strings ko jodna — + operator se. Repetition ka matlab hai string ko baar baar repeat karna — * operator se.

Example 1: Concatenation — strings jodhna

Python

In [1]:

first = "Jai"
last  = "Hind"

full = first + " " + last
print(full)

greeting = "Namaste" + " " + "Duniya" + "!"
print(greeting)

Output

Example 2: Repetition — string ko repeat karna

Python

In [1]:

word = "Python! "
print(word * 3)        # 3 baar repeat

line = "-" * 30
print(line)            # separator banana

print("Ha" * 5)        # HaHaHaHaHa

Output

4. f-String aur format()

String ke andar variables ki values seedha daal ne ke liye f-string ya format() use karte hain. f-string modern aur easy tarika hai.

Example 1: f-String — curly braces me variable daalo

Python

In [1]:

name  = "Ananya"
age   = 21
city  = "Pune"

# f-string — f se shuru, {} me variable
print(f"Mera naam {name} hai.")
print(f"Main {age} saal ki hoon aur {city} me rehti hoon.")
print(f"5 saal baad meri age {age + 5} hogi.")

Output

Example 2: format() method — purana tarika

Python

In [1]:

item  = "Laptop"
price = 55000

# format() — {} placeholder hota hai
msg = "Item: {} ka price Rs.{} hai.".format(item, price)
print(msg)

# Decimal format karna
pi = 3.14159
print("Pi ki value: {:.2f}".format(pi))   # sirf 2 decimal places

Output

5. Escape Characters

Kuch special characters string me directly nahi likh sakte — jaise newline, tab ya quotes. Inke liye backslash (\) se shuru hone wale escape characters use hote hain.

Escape Char	Matlab
\n	New line (naya line)
\t	Tab (space)
\\	Backslash (\)
\'	Single quote
\"	Double quote

Example 1: \n aur \t ka use

Python

In [1]:

print("Line 1\nLine 2\nLine 3")   # \n = naya line

print("\tYeh tab se start hua")    # \t = tab space

print("Name:\tRahul\nAge:\t20")    # dono saath

Output

Example 2: Quotes aur backslash escape

Python

In [1]:

print("He said, \"Python is the best!\"")  # \" quote print karta hai
print('It\'s a great language.')           # \' single quote

path = "C:\\Users\\Rahul\\Documents"       # \\ backslash print karta hai
print(path)

Output

6. String Methods

Python me strings ke saath bahut saare built-in methods aate hain jo string pe kaam karte hain. Ye methods original string change nahi karte — naya string return karte hain.

Example 1: Case methods — upper, lower, title, capitalize, swapcase

Python

In [1]:

s = "hello world"

print(s.upper())       # HELLO WORLD
print(s.lower())       # hello world
print(s.title())       # Hello World — har word ka pehla letter capital
print(s.capitalize())  # Hello world — sirf pehla letter capital
print(s.swapcase())    # HELLO WORLD -> hello world ya ulta

Output

Example 2: strip() — extra spaces hatana

Python

In [1]:

s = "   Hello Python!   "

print(repr(s.strip()))    # dono taraf ke spaces hataata hai
print(repr(s.lstrip()))   # sirf left side se spaces hataata hai
print(repr(s.rstrip()))   # sirf right side se spaces hataata hai

Output

Example 3: find(), count() aur replace()

Python

In [1]:

s = "I love Python. Python is amazing."

print(s.find("Python"))      # pehli baar kahan mila (index)
print(s.count("Python"))     # kitni baar aaya

new_s = s.replace("Python", "Coding")
print(new_s)                 # original change nahi hua — naya string mila

Output

Example 4: split() aur join()

Python

In [1]:

sentence = "Python is easy to learn"

# split() — string ko list me todna
words = sentence.split(" ")   # space pe split
print(words)
print("Total words:", len(words))

# join() — list ko wapas string me jodna
joined = " | ".join(words)
print(joined)

Output

Example 5: Check karne wale methods — startswith, endswith, isdigit, isalpha

Python

In [1]:

s = "Hello World"

print(s.startswith("Hello"))   # True — "Hello" se shuru hota hai?
print(s.endswith("World"))     # True — "World" pe khatam hota hai?
print("World" in s)            # True — "World" string me hai?

print("12345".isdigit())       # True — sirf digits hain?
print("Hello".isalpha())       # True — sirf letters hain?
print("Hello123".isalnum())    # True — letters ya digits hain?
print("  ".isspace())          # True — sirf spaces hain?

Output

Example 6: Alignment methods — center, ljust, rjust, zfill

Python

In [1]:

s = "Python"

print(s.center(20, "-"))   # -------Python-------
print(s.ljust(20, "."))    # Python..............
print(s.rjust(20, "."))    # ..............Python

# zfill — left me zeros pad karta hai (numbers ke liye useful)
print("42".zfill(6))       # 000042

Output

Quick Summary — Important String Methods ek nazar me

Method	Kaam	Example
upper()	Sab capitals	"hi".upper() → "HI"
lower()	Sab small	"HI".lower() → "hi"
title()	Har word capital	"hi world".title() → "Hi World"
strip()	Spaces hatao	" hi ".strip() → "hi"
replace()	Text badlo	"hi".replace("h","b") → "bi"
split()	List me todo	"a b".split() → ["a","b"]
join()	List se jodo	"-".join(["a","b"]) → "a-b"
find()	Index dhundo	"hi".find("i") → 1
count()	Kitni baar aaya	"aaa".count("a") → 3
startswith()	Kya isse shuru hota hai	"hi".startswith("h") → True
endswith()	Kya isme khatam hota hai	"hi".endswith("i") → True
isdigit()	Sirf numbers hain?	"123".isdigit() → True
isalpha()	Sirf letters hain?	"abc".isalpha() → True

Previous Next